: Respiratory System – GradSchoolPapers.com

: Respiratory System
Order Description
Instructions: Answers for this assignment may be obtained from assigned reading materials and/or internet searches. Note: When submitting assignments, please submit the case and questions with your answers and remember to use complete sentences when responding to questions.
Respiratory Case Study – Case I
A 17-year-old student has experienced reversible, periodic attacks of chest tightness with coughing, wheezing, and hyperpnea. She states that expiration is more difficult than inspiration. She is most comfortable sitting forward with arms leaning on some support. X-rays revealed mild overinflation of the chest. Results from laboratory and pulmonary function tests are as follows:
Frequency 20 breaths/min
Vital capacity (VC) 2.9 L
FEV1.0 1.4 L
FEV1.0/FVC 56%
Functional residual capacity (FRC) 3.89 L
Total lung capacity (TLC) 6.82 L
PaO2 70 mm Hg
PaCO2 26 mm Hg
Pulse 108 b/min
BP 120/76 mm Hg
Intermittent use of a bronchial smooth muscle dilator (1:1000 epinephrine by nebulizer) for several days caused marked improvement, resulting in the following laboratory and pulmonary function tests:
VC 4.15 L
FEV1.0 3.1 L
FEV1.0/FVC >75%
FRC 3.7 L
TLC 5.96L
PaO2 89 mm Hg
PaCO2 38 mm Hg
Pulse 129 b/mi
BP 122/78 mm Hg
What is the disorder of this 17-year-old student?
Is this primarily a restrictive or an obstructive disorder? Why?
Write the formula for determining residual volume (RV).
Determine the residual volume (RV) before and after the use of the bronchodilator (3.0 points).
RV before using the bronchodilator:
RV after using the bronchodilator:
Why is expiration more difficult than inspiration in this person?
Why does the bronchodilator exaggerate the tachycardia?
What causes the hypoxemia and the hypocapnemia in this person?
A beta2-adrenergic agent was prescribed for further use because it has less cardiostimulatory (beta1) effect. Based on your knowledge of beta1 and beta2 receptors, why is this a good suggestion?
An anticholinergic agent was also suggested as a possible nebulizer agent. How might this help the breathing problem?
Respiratory Case Study – Case II
A 150 lb., 62-year-old man had a chronic productive cough, exertional dyspnea, mild cyanosis, and marked slowing of forced expiration. His pulmonary function and laboratory tests follow:
Frequency 16 breaths/min
Alveolar ventilation 4.2 L/min
Vital capacity (VC) 2.2 L
Functional residual capacity (FRC) 4.0 L
Total lung capacity (TLC) 5.2 L
Maximum inspiratory flow rate 250 L/min
Maximum expiratory flow rate 20 L/min
PaO2 62 mm Hg
PaCO2 39 mm Hg
Pulmonary function tests after bronchodilator therapy:
Frequency 16 breaths/min
Alveolar ventilation 4.35 L/min
VC 2.4 L
FRC 4.0 L
TLC 5.2 L
Maximum inspiratory flow rate 250 L/min
Maximum expiratory flow rate 23 L/min
PaO2 62 mm Hg
PaCO2 38 mm Hg
What is the disorder of this 62-year-old man?
Is this primarily a restrictive or an obstructive disorder?
Why is the bronchodilator therapy ineffective in this man?
What causes the hypoxemia?
Calculate the residual volume (RV) for this person before and after the bronchodilator therapy.
What is the cause of this altered RV?
Calculate the tidal volume (TV) for this person before and after the bronchodilator therapy.
Is each TV normal or altered?
Calculate the minute ventilation (MV) for this person before and after the bronchodilator therapy.
Is each MV normal or altered?

 

Do you need a similar assignment done for you from scratch? We have qualified writers to help you. We assure you an A+ quality paper that is free from plagiarism. Order now for an Amazing Discount!
Use Discount Code "Newclient" for a 15% Discount!

NB: We do not resell papers. Upon ordering, we do an original paper exclusively for you.